This study explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on carbon emissions in OECD and BRICS countries, as well as the role of R&D in supporting sustainability. The findings show that AI initially increases carbon emissions, especially in the power and industrial sectors. However, with strong R&D support, AI can help reduce emissions through green innovation and clean energy adoption.
Overall, the study highlights the importance of combining AI development with sustainable policies and R&D investment to support long-term environmental sustainability.